What Is an X2 Capacitor and Why Is It Used in EMI Suppression Applications?

Introduction

In modern electronic equipment, electromagnetic interference (EMI) is a common issue that can affect performance and safety. To reduce EMI and improve system reliability, X2 capacitors are widely used in power input and noise suppression circuits.

In this article, we explain what an X2 capacitor is, how it works, and why X2 capacitors are essential in EMI suppression applications.

What Is an X2 Capacitor?

An X2 capacitor is a type of safety film capacitor designed to be connected across the AC power line (Line to Line). It is mainly used to suppress electrical noise and voltage spikes generated by switching devices and external interference.

X2 capacitors are typically manufactured using metallized polypropylene (MPP) film, offering stable electrical performance and reliable self-healing properties.

X2 vs X1 Capacitors: What Is the Difference?

X2 capacitors are designed for applications where peak impulse voltages do not exceed 2.5kV. Compared to X1 capacitors, X2 capacitors are more commonly used in:

• Household appliances

• Consumer electronics

• Lighting power supplies

• Small industrial equipment

X1 capacitors, by contrast, are used in environments with higher impulse voltage requirements.

Typical Applications of X2 Capacitors

X2 capacitors are widely used in:

• EMI / RFI suppression circuits

• AC power input filtering

• Switching power supplies

• Home appliances (washing machines, air conditioners)

• LED drivers and lighting equipment

In these applications, X2 capacitors help reduce electrical noise, improve system stability, and protect sensitive components.

Why Metallized Polypropylene Film Is Used for X2 Capacitors

MPP film is the preferred dielectric material for X2 capacitors due to:

• Low dielectric loss

• High insulation resistance

• Excellent self-healing capability

• Stable performance over temperature

These features make MPP-based X2 capacitors suitable for long-term operation under AC voltage stress.

Safety Standards and Certifications for X2 Capacitors

X2 capacitors must comply with strict international safety standards, such as:

• IEC 60384-14

• ENEC

• UL

• CQC

Compliance with these standards ensures the capacitor can operate safely in power line applications and fail in a safe manner.

Manufacturing Process and Quality Control

At EVA Comp, X2 capacitors are produced through controlled processes, including:

• Precision film winding

• Vacuum resin impregnation or encapsulation

• High-voltage impulse testing

• Endurance and safety testing

Each capacitor is tested to ensure reliability, consistency, and compliance with safety requirements.

Conclusion

X2 capacitors play a critical role in EMI suppression and power line safety across a wide range of electronic applications. Selecting a reliable X2 capacitor manufacturer is essential to ensure product safety and long-term performance.

If you are looking for X2 safety capacitors or need technical support for EMI suppression solutions, EVA Comp is ready to support your requirements.